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3 Stages of Pedagogical Approaches

There are three stages in communicative language learning to be most effective. These stages must flow easily from one stage to the next stage. They are known as PPP:

1. Presentation
In this stage teacher will introduce the topic and students will start to build their personal understanding about the given topic by the teacher. It is easier present a topic to ESL students than EFL students, which are, not accustom to hear an outside English, just a little English.



2. Practice
This stage is based on the student’s performance, in the way that the students develop all the concepts related. This stage called as “over-done”. All the practice activities should be focused on promoting the students’ motivation in the topic area. Making a smooth transition from Presentation to Practice usually involves moving the students from the individual drill stage into pair work (chain pair-work, closed pair-work and open pair work). Communicative practice then leads the way toward Production.

3. Production
This final stage determines the level of students’ comprehension, as well as the result which will demonstrate the students capabilities to produce more personalized language. The students can do such productive activities like debate, discussion, problem solving, narratives, descriptions, quizzes, games etc.

It can be said that Presentation is the beginning or introduction to learning language and while Practice is the process that facilitates progress from the first stage through the final stage. Production itself is the result of the learning process, where a learner has become a “user” of the language as opposed to a “student” of the language.

Reference:
Harmer, Jeremy, The Practice of English Language teaching, UK: Longman, 2011, p. 82.